A fire shutter is a fire separation device that meets fire integrity requirements for a specified duration, including the frame. It's a vertical-rolling fire barrier. Normally it sits rolled up in the shaft box above the opening. When fire breaks out, it descends to stop fire from spreading through the opening.
Fire Shutter Structure
A fire shutter consists of: slats, bottom beam, guide rails, brackets, barrel shaft, housing, control box, door operator, limit switch, header, manual quick-release switch, push button switch, and safety device. Connected equipment includes smoke detectors, heat detectors, and the fire alarm control system.
Fire Rating Classification
- Ordinary steel fire shutter: fire rating of at least 2 hours
- Composite steel fire shutter: at least 3 hours
- Special-grade fire shutter: at least 4 hours
Control Methods
Automatic: When a fire detector triggers, a fire shutter used for separation descends fully. A shutter on an evacuation path descends to 1.8m above floor first, then after a second heat detector triggers, descends fully.
Mechanical: Pull the chain on one side to lower the shutter. Pull the other side to raise it.
Manual: Open the manual control box on either side and press the up, down, or stop button. The shutter sends a feedback signal when it reaches position.
Where Fire Shutters Are Installed
Beyond firewall locations, fire shutters go between two fire compartments that don't have a firewall. Typical locations: enclosed evacuation stairways, enclosed elevator lobbies, inspection doors for cable shafts, pipe shafts, smoke exhaust shafts, and garbage chutes.